[摘　要]目前，以深度学习和机器学习为代表的人工智能进入规划领域，为未来城市规划的审查、考评、生成、多方案比较提供了重要的技术手段，使规划方法从经验走向科学，同时也引导了新机构与新技术的萌芽，即人工智能深度参与将加深规划从业人员的职业分化。文章首先界定了现阶段城乡规划语境下人工智能的内涵；其次从新型行业机构及部门组建、新兴技术及其团队涌现两个角度分析了城乡规划行业的新态势；再者预判了规划行业大概率产生信息采集、数据处理分析、辅助决策及政策释译职业分化，工作模式从单一职业、人工主导、流程参与式转向多职业、人机交互及灵活合作式；最后从规划资质认证创新、规划教育质量改善和规划从业人员重塑竞争力三个方面提出应对措施。
[关键词]人工智能；新机构；新技术；职业分化
[文章编号]1006-0022(2018)11-0020-06　[中图分类号]TU981　[文献标识码]A
[引文格式]单卓然，李鸿飞．人工智能影响下城乡规划机构、技术与职业新态势及应对策略[J]．规划师，2018(11)：20-25．
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
The New Trend And Coping Strategies of Urban Planning Agency, Technology and Profession under the Impact of AI/Shan Zhuoran, Li Hongfei
[Abstract] Deep learning and machine learning based Artificial Intelligence (AI) have entered planning field. It has provided important technique for the inspection, examination, generation, and proposals comparison of city plans. City planning will develop from experience to science, and guides new agency and new technique development, i.e. deepened participation of AI will promote professional ramification of planning practitioners. The paper defines the connotation of AI in urban planning, lists new trends of urban planning from new agency and new technology; predicts urban planning profession will be divided into information gathering, data processing, aided decision-making, and policy explanation; the working mode will be multi-disciplinary, human-machine interaction, and elastic cooperation. It finally puts forwards strategies of planner certification innovation, planning education improvement, and rebuilding competition of practitioners.
[Key words]  AI, New agency, New technology, Professional ramification

0引言

近年来，人工智能及数据分析辅助一直是中国规划界的前沿课题。截至目前为止，人工智能技术在城乡规划方面的应用主要集中于城市生长规划和城市空间规律的机器学习与深度学习，主要运用于对城市数据的大规模挖掘，并大规模地提升了中国规划界对世界城市增长规律和空间规律的认识[1]。2017年，国务院印发了《新一代人工智能发展规划》，提出以人工智能“推进城市规划、建设、管理、运营全生命周期智能化”的要求。由此可见，人工智能已经进入规划行业，并将进一步影响规划行业，引发业界人士的热议，如健康城市规划发展[2-3]、城市规划决策审批[4]