存量强约束下的微创规划——基于总体规划范式的辩证思维与创新

[摘　要]虽然我国传统的“增量型”城市总体规划范式仍具有合理性，但在当前存量强约束下，城市总体规划范式应主动进行转换。相对于增量，耕地红线的强制、物权的强势、市民力量的强大及政府力量的相对“弱化”共同构成了存量的强约束。在此情况下，我国城市总体规划范式应力图在本土理论突破与实践操作两个层面做出创新和改变。文章创新性提出“微创规划”这一范式理念，并以苏南地区常州市礼嘉镇总体规划为例，从变革世界观和方法论、升级和改良思维工具两个方面，探索“微创规划”的方法论意义与实践应用价值。研究认为，面对未来发展空间日趋窄化、增量空间的横向压缩性约束与存量空间的纵向提升性诉求，“微创规划”的范式理念为城市总体规划转型与创新提供了一个新的选择。
[关键词]存量强约束；总体规划；微创规划；礼嘉镇
[文章编号]1006-0022(2018)04-0075-08　[中图分类号]TU984　[文献标识码]B
[引文格式]朱喜钢，周扬，王海成．存量强约束下的微创规划—基于总体规划范式的辩证思维与创新[J]．规划师，2018(4)：75-82．

Minimally Invasive Planning With The Strong Constraint Of Stock Land: Dialectic Thinking And Innovation Of Master Plan Paradigm/Zhu Xigang, Zhou Yang, Wang Haicheng
[Abstract] In spite of the rationality in China’s existing incremental urban master planning paradigm, more active changes should be made to cope with the pressure of current stock land development. Moreover, the legitimization of property right, the mandatory standard of the prime farmland red line, and the strengthening power of citizens (vs. the “weakening” power of the government) consolidate the constraints related to the stock land development. In that case, the period of “incremental planning” (which is widely viewed as being good at coping with direct conflicts of interests) might give the floor to the times of “inventory planning” – it is expected to handle the conflicts in a more complicated situation. Thus, the existing urban planning paradigm needs changes in both theoretical and practical perspectives. Innovatively, this paper puts forward the concept of “minimally-invasive planning”, based on the master plan of Lijia Town in Changzhou City, Jiangsu province. It further explores the theoretical contribution (e.g. methodological perspective) and the social relevance of the “minimally-invasive planning” – this might even expand the way of our thinking and thereby change our world view. In view of the limitations of future urban space (constraints on horizontal expansion, but more desirable in the renewal of the stock), this research is convincing that the “minimally-invasive planning” provides a new option for the transition of China’s urban planning, especially for the master plan.
[Key words]  Strong constraint of stock land, Master planning, Minimally invasive planning, Lijia town