居民主观感受视角下的广州保障房住区空间共享

[摘　要] 随着中国快速城镇化，经济、社会和政策制度等多维度急剧转型，城市居住空间出现了新的变化，封闭住区大规模出现，并成为城市新建居住区的主导模式。多数研究认为封闭住区是空间私有化的表征，削弱了城市机动性，加剧了社会隔离，不利于城市社会的和谐与融合。中央政府适时推出的街区制政策提出“已建成的住宅小区和单位大院要逐步打开”，这对城市的可持续发展具有引领作用，但如何实施尚需进一步探讨。以广州保障房住区为例，以调查问卷和访谈为研究方法，研究居住在不同开放程度的保障房住区的居民对街区开放和空间共享的主观感受，分析其主要原因，进而提出针对性的建议。这既有助于深入了解居民对住区建成环境和空间共享的需求，回答封闭住区是否是政府向低收入群体提供宜居生活环境的一种高效和公平的方式，又能为国家实施和推广街区制政策提供参考。
[关键词] 开放街区；空间共享；封闭住区；保障房住区；广州
[文章编号]1006-0022(2017)07-0031-07　[中图分类号]TU984　[文献标识码]B
[引文格式]魏宗财，刘玉亭，林允琦．居民主观感受视角下的广州保障房住区空间共享[J]．规划师，2017(7)：31-37．

Space Sharing In Public Housing With The Viewpoint Of Residents’ Will, Guangzhou/Wei Zongcai, Liu Yuting, Lin Yunqi
[Abstract] Residential space changes in the fast social and economic transition. Closed communities have been a dominant model of residential space. Most scholars deem closed communities symbolize privatization of space, weaken urban mobility, exacerbate social segregation, and hamper social harmony and integration. Central government requires opening neighborhoods and Danwei compounds for sustainable urban development. With Guangzhou public housing case, the paper studies residents’ will towards open community and space sharing by questionnaire and interviews. The study helps understand residents’ needs of built environment, and answers if closed community is a fair and efficient approach for low income people.
[Key words]  Open block, Space sharing, Closed communities, Public housing communities, Guangzhou