江苏省镇村布局规划中自然村界定研究

【摘　要】江苏省镇村布局规划工作提出以现状自然村庄为规划对象，合理确定规划发展村庄，但在实际工作中，作为规划对象的自然村因其形式多样、形态各异而很难界定，导致部分地区规划对象不明晰、自然村现状和规划基数不一致及自然村间缺乏可比性等现象出现，致使规划的科学性、合理性无法体现。文章在“自然村”溯源及发展演变研究的基础上，对江苏自然村的总体特征进行分析，进而归纳出江苏省镇村布局规划中自然村界定的一般性原则，并通过南通市自然村界定实证来阐述镇村布局规划中自然村界定的具体方法，为有效推进以自然村为规划对象的镇村布局规划奠定基础。
[关键词]自然村；界定；镇村布局规划；江苏省
[文章编号]1006-0022(2016)10-0123-06　[中图分类号]TU982.29　[文献标识码]B

Defeintion Of Unincorporated Village In Jiangsu Town And Village Layout Planning: An Analysis Of Rural Evolution And Unincorporated Village Characters/Zhang Jian, Zhao Yi
[Abstract] Normally an unincorporated village is defined by its administration level in planning. However, unincorporated villages vary a lot in scale and form in Jiangsu province, and have casued ambiguity and irrationality in planning. The paper studies the definition and evolution of unincorporated village, concludes the general character and common rules of unincorporated villages in Jiangsu town and village layout planning. The paper elaborates the method in Nantong city case, and sets a foundation for other cases.
[Key words] Unincorporated village, Definition, Town and village layout planning, Jiangsu province

0引言
　　
      “自然村”，顾名思义是村民长期聚居自然形成的村落，是农民生活生产的主要场所，是传承乡土文化、展示乡村风貌、承载乡愁记忆的空间载体。规划建设好自然村，是统筹城乡发展的必然要求，是改善农民人居环境的客观需要，是新型城镇化背景下城乡规划工作的重要任务。当前，伴随着城镇化进程的不断推进，农村人口逐步减少，一部分村庄的消失不可避免，乡村发展需要遵循客观规律，在人口“精明收缩”的前提下实现健康发展，留得下乡韵、记得住乡愁。江苏通过镇村布局规划①，对现状自然村进行科学分类，选取规划发展村庄，引导公共资源的合理配置和公共政策的“精准”投向，改善乡村公共服务，塑造乡村特色，提升环境质量。